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员工创新行为是组织持续竞争优势的重要基础,人工智能的引入为员工提供了有效的创新工具。在多代际共存的职场环境中,不同群体对AI技术的适应逻辑与行为反应存在显著差异,这种代际间的行为步调不一不仅削弱了技术赋能的协同效应,更成为AI技术变革向纵深推进的现实掣肘。基于此,本文立足技术适应视角,引入认知评价理论剖析AI双面感知对员工创新行为的影响路径,考察组织自尊的调节作用,并通过代际分组检验揭示数字原住民与数字移民两代人在应对技术压力时表现出的行为取向差异。基于463份问卷数据,实证结果表明:（1）AI机遇感知正向预测员工创新行为, AI威胁感知在代际间呈分化效应;（2）趋近/回避型工作重塑分别中介AI双面感知对创新行为的积极与消极作用;（3）组织自尊在AI双面感知与工作重塑之间的调节作用显著。本研究揭示了AI双面感知对不同代际员工创新行为的差异化影响,拓展了认知评价理论在人机协同情境中的适用边界,并为AI时代下的跨代际管理提供了启示。
Abstract：Employee innovative behavior serves as a vital foundation for the sustained competitive advantage of organizations, with the integration of artificial intelligence(AI) providing employees with sophisticated tools to bolster such innovation. However, in multi-generational workplaces, distinct cohorts exhibit significant variations in their adaptation logic and behavioral responses to AI technologies; such behavioral misalignment not only diminishes the synergistic effects of technological empowerment but also poses a practical bottleneck to the profound advancement of AI-driven organizational transformation. Drawing upon a technological adaptation perspective, this study employs Cognitive Appraisal Theory to analyze the mechanisms through which dual AI perceptions – opportunity and threat – influence employee innovative behavior, while simultaneously examining the moderating role of organization-based self-esteem and revealing the divergent behavioral orientations of "digital natives" and "digital immigrants" in responding to technological stress through generational group testing. Based on an empirical analysis of 463 survey responses, the results indicate that:(1) AI opportunity perception positively predicts employee innovative behavior, whereas the effect of AI threat perception exhibits a "divergent pattern" across generations;(2) approach-oriented and avoidance-oriented job crafting respectively mediate the positive and negative impacts of dual AI perceptions on innovative behavior; and(3) organization-based self-esteem significantly moderates the relationship between dual AI perceptions and job crafting. This research elucidates the differentiated impacts of AI perceptions on the innovative behaviors of different generational cohorts, extends the theoretical boundaries of Cognitive Appraisal Theory within the context of human-AI collaboration, and provides critical managerial insights for cross-generational human resource management in the AI era.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16471/j.cnki.11-2822/c.2026.4.002
中图分类号:F272.92;TP18
引用信息:
[1]李敏,李云龙,谢碧君,等.机遇还是威胁？AI双面感知驱动员工创新行为的代际差异机制研究[J].中国人力资源开发,2026,43(04):21-39.DOI:10.16471/j.cnki.11-2822/c.2026.4.002.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金（25BGL143）; 江西省高校社科基金项目（JC23232）;江西省高校社科基金项目（GL24116）; 江西省教育厅科技项目（GJJ2200556）
2026-04-15
2026-04-15