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近年来,随着我国人口老龄化的加剧,如何发展银发经济逐渐成为社会关注的焦点,促进银发劳动者再就业成为实施积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的重要一环。在数字化背景下,基于“可行能力”与“内生动力”框架,运用Logistic回归与fs QCA相结合的方法探讨银发劳动者再就业行为的影响因素及其交互作用。研究发现:（1）银发劳动者再就业行为呈现显著的异质性驱动机制,老年就业行为存在多重并发因果关系特征,不同群体受“资源禀赋—需求层次”的差异化组合驱动;（2）几种可行能力与内生动力相互组合共同促进再就业行为并塑造就业类型。研究共得出5条典型的银发劳动者再就业路径,分别为知识驱动型、能需叠加型、经济驱动型、多元嵌入型以及价值实现型再就业路径。通过分析,银发劳动者再就业路径往往受到多种可行能力与内生动力影响,可行能力与内生动力的组合更有效促进再就业行为。（3）数字化转型背景下老年就业呈现新型社会分化特征。研究发现数字素养在部分路径中发挥了关键的促进作用,尤其与教育资本、经济需求等条件共同作用时,显著提高再就业可能性,具备该能力的群体可能进入数字经济新兴领域,反之则被锁定于传统低端岗位,形成“数字鸿沟”引致的就业分层。
Abstract：In recent years, with the aggravation of population ageing in China, how to develop the silver-haired economy has gradually become the focus of social attention, and the promotion of re-employment of silverhaired workers has become an important part of the implementation of the national strategy of actively coping with population ageing. In the digital context, this study employs a combined approach of Logistic regression and fSQCA analysis to examine the determinants and interactions influencing re-employment behaviour among older workers, grounded in the framework of "Capability" and "endogenous motivation". The study found that:(1) the reemployment behaviour of silver-haired workers shows a significant heterogeneous driving mechanism, with multiple concurrent causality, and different groups are driven by different combinations of resource endowment-need level;(2) Several capabilities and endogenous motivations interact synergistically to jointly promote re-employment behaviour and shape employment patterns. The study has come up with five typical re-employment paths for silverhaired workers, which are knowledge-driven, energy-demand superimposed, economy-driven, diversified embedded and value realization re-employment paths. Analysis indicates that the re-employment pathways of older workers are frequently influenced by multiple factors encompassing both capabilities and endogenous motivation, with the combination of these elements proving more effective in promoting re-employment behaviour.(3) Against the backdrop of digital transformation, elderly employment exhibits novel characteristics of social stratification. Research indicates that digital literacy plays a pivotal role in facilitating re-employment pathways, particularly when combined with educational capital and economic necessity, significantly enhancing the likelihood of re-entering the workforce. Individuals possessing such capabilities may enter emerging sectors of the digital economy, whereas those lacking these skills become confined to traditional low-end positions. This dynamic fosters employment stratification stemming from the "digital divide".
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16471/j.cnki.11-2822/c.2025.12.002
中图分类号:F249.2;F49;D669.6
引用信息:
[1]刘萍,张策政.数字化背景下银发劳动者再就业的可行能力与内生动力:基于fsQCA与Logistic回归的实证研究[J].中国人力资源开发,2025,42(12):19-35.DOI:10.16471/j.cnki.11-2822/c.2025.12.002.
基金信息:
教育部人文社会科学规划项目（25YJA630050）; 天津市哲学社科规划项目（TJGL22-018）